Abstract:With the stratified sampling method, this paper has selected1122 students as questionnaire objects from6 middle and primary schools in Anyue county. Meanwhile, the field investigation and interview were also included as the supple- mentary means. The authors have found that there exist obvious differences among these schools in their general construction of ideology and morality, beliefs, patriotism, party history and national conditions, personal moral, familial virtue and social moral of urban and rural students. On the basis of comparative analysis and with some problems as the direction, this paper has put forward some proposals for promoting the construction of ideology and morality of urban and rural middle and primary school students.